Linux怎么查看硬件信息之lshw命令

lshw工具简介

本文主要介绍lshw命令，该命令是Linux系统管理中较为常用的一个命令行工具，用于查看硬件信息。多数Linux发行版默认情况下并没有集成该工具，本文将会讲解如何利用lshw命令查看服务器硬件信息。

安装工具：
CentOS7.6为例：

[root@zcwyou ~]# yum -y install lshw

1. 查看网卡信息

命令：

[root@zcwyou ~]# lshw  -C network

输出信息：
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller
vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
logical name: eth0
version: 05
serial: 00:e0:4c:36:01:8b
size: 100Mbit/s
capacity: 100Mbit/s
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl_nic/rtl8105e-1.fw ip=59.37.83.138 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s
resources: irq:26 ioport:e800(size=256) memory:fdfff000-fdffffff(prefetchable) memory:fdff8000-fdffbfff(prefetchable)

2. 查看内存信息

命令：

[root@zcwyou ~]# lshw -C memory

输出信息：
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: Dell Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 1.13.0
date: 03/02/2018
size: 64KiB
capacity: 4MiB
capabilities: isa pci pnp upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int9keyboard int14serial int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification netboot
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 700
size: 128KiB
capacity: 128KiB
capabilities: internal write-back data
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 701
size: 1MiB
capacity: 2MiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2
description: L3 cache
physical id: 702
size: 12MiB
capacity: 12MiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
configuration: level=3
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 1000
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 32GiB
capabilities: ecc
configuration: errordetection=multi-bit-ecc
*-bank:0
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous Registered (Buffered) 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: M393B1K70DH0-YH9
vendor: 00CE00B380CE
physical id: 0
serial: 83BB0BB1
slot: DIMM_A1
size: 8GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:1
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous Registered (Buffered) 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: M393B1K70DH0-YH9
vendor: 00CE00B380CE
physical id: 1
serial: 83BB0BB0
slot: DIMM_A2
size: 8GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:2
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous Registered (Buffered) 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: M393B1K70DH0-YH9
vendor: 00CE00B380CE
physical id: 2
serial: 83BB0BDD
slot: DIMM_A3
size: 8GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:3
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous Registered (Buffered) 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: M393B1K70DH0-YH9
vendor: 00CE00B380CE
physical id: 3
serial: 83BB0BAC
slot: DIMM_A4
size: 8GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:4
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous [empty]
physical id: 4
slot: DIMM_B1
width: 64 bits
*-bank:5
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous [empty]
physical id: 5
slot: DIMM_B2
width: 64 bits
*-bank:6
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous [empty]
physical id: 6
slot: DIMM_B3
width: 64 bits

*-bank:7
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous [empty]
physical id: 7
slot: DIMM_B4
width: 64 bits

3. 查看CPU信息

不需要使用lshw命令

[root@zcwyou ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo |more

输出结果：

processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 45
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHz
stepping : 7
microcode : 0x710
cpu MHz : 2294.471
cache size : 15360 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 2
core id : 0
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xt
opology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq ssse3 cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx hypervisor lahf_lm epb pti tsc_adjust dtherm ida
arat pln pts
bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf
bogomips : 4588.94
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

总结：Linux使用lshw查看各种硬件信息。